Hand Sanitizer is a liquid or gel generally used to decrease infectious agent on the hand. They are available as liquid, gel and foams. Formulations of alcohol based versions are preferable to hand washing with soap and water in most situations in the healthcare setting. Generally, it is more effective at killing microorganisms than soap and water, with some exceptions such as norovirus and clostridium difficile The general use of non-alcohol based versions has no recommendations. Outside the healthcare setting, hand washing with soap and water is generally preferred. Hand washing should still be carried out if contamination can be seen or following the use of the toilet.
Alcohol-based versions typically contain some combination of isopropyl alcohol, ethanol (ethyl alcohol), or n-propanol, with versions containing 70% to 95% alcohol the most effective. Care should be taken as they are flammable. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer works against a wide variety of microorganisms but not spores. Compounds such as glycerol may be added to prevent drying of the skin. Some versions contain fragrances; however, these are discouraged due to the risk of allergic reactions. Non-alcohol based versions typically contain benzalkonium chloride or triclosan; but are less effective than alcohol-based ones.
Manufacturing formulation of Ethyl Based hand sanitizer